Hip Impingement (FAI)

Hip impingement, or Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI), occurs when there is an abnormal contact between the hip joint’s ball and socket, leading to pain, stiffness, and limited mobility in the hip area. Symptoms of FAI can range from mild discomfort during activities like walking or sitting, to severe pain and impaired mobility that affects most daily activities. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial to manage symptoms effectively and prevent further joint damage.

typical causes:

FAI is often caused by a combination of genetic predispositions to certain bone shapes and environmental factors such as activities that involve repetitive hip movements. Athletes, particularly those in sports requiring frequent hip flexion or rotation like soccer, hockey, and golf, are at higher risk. Additionally, repetitive use and the natural aging process can intensify a hip impingement by leading to increased strain on the hip joint.

how physical therapy can help:

Physical therapy is a cornerstone in managing FAI by reducing pain, improving joint function, and preventing further complications. Physical therapy looks to address current symptoms and impairments in the hip. This may include the use of manual therapy techniques, range of motion exercises, and strengthening drills. A physical therapist will also look to identify potential root causes for the hip dysfunction. This may include identifying deficits elsewhere in the body that have a direct impact on the hips ability to function.

The Ins and Outs of Hip Impingement

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exercises that may help reduce pain:

If you experience more pain with these exercises, hold off from that particular movement.

Half Kneeling Hip Flexor Stretch – Positioned with one knee on the ground and the other foot in front, gently move your hips forward until a stretch is felt in the front of the hip or thigh. Hold this position for 2 minutes and repeat this 1-3 times daily.

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Adductor Rockback – Begin in a tabletop position on forearms with elbows under shoulders and knees under hips. Extend one leg out to the side, trying to keep your knee straight. It is okay if the leg is diagonal versus straight out to the side. Start in a position that is comfortable and provides a gentle stretch along the inner thigh. Slowly rock your hips back toward your heels, increasing the stretch in your inner thigh. Make this movement as big or as small as needed. Hold briefly at the end range, then return to start. Repeat for 2-3 minutes, 1-3 times a day.

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Figure 4 Stretch with Banded Distraction – Position a resistance band around a sturdy object and loop it around your hip. Lie on your back, crossing the banded leg over the opposite knee into a “figure 4” shape. Gently pull the knee toward your chest, allowing the band to create a distracting force. Hold for 2 minutes and perform this 1-3 times a day.

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